Abstract:
Transmission of a radio signal through a wireless radio channel is affected by refraction, diffraction and reflection, free space
loss, object penetration, and absorption that corrupt the originally transmitted signal before radio wave arrives at a receiver
antenna. Even though there are many factors affecting wireless radio channels, there are still a number of radio wave
propagation models such as Okumura, Hata, free space model, and COST-231 to predict the received signal level at the
receiver antenna. However, researchers in the field of radio wave propagation argue that there is no universally accepted
propagation model to guarantee a universal recommendation. Thus, this research is aimed at determining the difference
between the measured received signal levels and the received signal level calculated from the free space propagation model.
System identification method has been proposed to determine this unknown difference. Measured received signal levels
were collected from three randomly selected urban areas in Ethiopia using a computer, Nemo test tool, Actix software,
Nokia phone, and GPS. The result from the simulations was validated against the received experimental signal level
measurement taken in a different environment. From the simulation results, the mean square error (MSE) was 4.169 dB,
which is much smaller than the minimum acceptable MSE value of 6 dB for good signal propagation, and 74.76% fit to
the estimation data. The results clearly showed that the proposed radio wave propagation model predicts the received
signal levels at 900MHz and 1800MHz in the study region.
